The automobile industry is an important pillar industry of China's national economy, which has a long industrial chain, wide employment and large consumption power, and plays an important role in the development of the national economy. With the rapid development of the automobile industry, the efficient, high-precision and high-stability processing of complex automotive key parts has become an effective measure to shorten the production cycle of products and improve the efficiency and competitiveness of enterprises. Numerical control machining technology can realize the rapid prototyping manufacturing of complex auto parts. At the same time, virtual manufacturing technology, flexible manufacturing technology and integrated manufacturing technology in numerical control technology have been widely used in modern automobile processing and manufacturing industry. The intelligent development of CNC manufacturing technology in the production process of auto parts will become a development trend in the automobile manufacturing industry.
With the proposal of the core plan of Industry 4.0 and Made in China 2025, indicating the arrival of the fourth industrial revolution in the world, more emphasis is placed on the integration of product manufacturing process information and industrialization, and the realization of intelligent manufacturing equipment and its control, such as smart factories, intelligent production, human-computer interaction, Internet of Things, machine self-organization, digital manufacturing. CNC machine tool and CNC system are the core elements of intelligent production, CNC machining technology can realize the rapid prototyping manufacturing of complex auto parts, and the virtual manufacturing technology, flexible manufacturing technology and integrated manufacturing technology in CNC technology have gradually been widely used in modern automobile processing and manufacturing industry. The intelligent development of CNC system in the manufacturing process of auto parts will also become an inevitable development trend of modern automobile manufacturing industry. This paper introduces the importance of numerical control system used in the manufacturing process of automobile parts, and briefly introduces the types of numerical control system often used. Then, the characteristics and advantages of FANUC CNC system in intelligent manufacturing are introduced in detail, and some improvement measures for the manufacturing process of special parts for automobile are put forward. In the end of this article, a simple summary of the future CNC system development trend.
The importance of numerical control system in the manufacturing process of auto parts
With the rapid development of the automobile industry, the efficient, high-precision and high-stability processing of complex key auto parts has become an effective measure to shorten the production cycle and improve the efficiency and competitiveness of enterprises. Numerical control machining technology can easily realize the rapid prototyping manufacturing of complex auto parts. At the same time, virtual manufacturing technology, flexible manufacturing technology and integrated manufacturing technology in numerical control technology have been widely used in modern automobile processing and manufacturing industry. As far as manual manufacturing is concerned, numerical control technology has laid the foundation for achieving the standardization and standardization of auto parts manufacturing, and improving the production quality and actual equipment rate of domestic auto parts. CNC technology can provide a complete set of automation solutions for the manufacturing of key automotive parts, receive processing data based on the industrial Internet and the monitoring and remote service of big data in the processing process, then carry out virtual processing and program code detection, and then use the CNC system's processing state self-sensing, self-learning, self-adaptation, self-optimization functions to achieve high-quality processing of the workpiece. Then, industrial robots and online mass inspection methods of CNC machine tools are used to realize the wide application of CNC machine tools in efficient flexible machining and mass manufacturing of key automotive parts.

Types of CNC systems commonly used in the manufacturing process of auto parts
At present, domestic CNC machine tools and imported machine tools from Japan, the United States and Europe use two kinds of CNC systems, FANUC and SIEMENS, which can use G code to achieve programming. Among them, most of the CNC machine tools for turning and multi-axis milling use the above two CNC systems, and it is convenient to integrate with computer aided design. The above two CNC systems occupy the vast majority of the market share of today's machine tool CNC industry. Today, some of the German multi-axis machining centers introduced for the machining of complex surfaces are equipped with HEIDENHAIN numerical control systems, which have visual and modular large program editing capabilities, allowing rapid insertion and editing of information and rapid prototyping of complex surfaces and porous structures. With the continuous development and establishment of intelligent manufacturing and intelligent factories, some machine tool companies have begun to develop special CNC systems according to customer requirements. For example, Japan's OKUMA (OKUMA) company, Japan's YAMAZAKI MAZAK (YAMAZAKI MAZAK) company, Germany's DMG MORI company, China's Shenyang Machine Tool (SMTCL) Company, etc.
Features and improvement measures of FANUC system in intelligent manufacturing
FANUC systems have a strong presence in the development, design, manufacture and sales of CNC systems in the world today. Its product range covers a wide range of manufacturing processes such as turning, milling, grinding, machining centers and more. FANUC numerical control system is more convenient, stable and reliable to use, and the requirements for industrial environment are relatively low. FANUC system adopts a more general G code programming program, and the program statement structure is simple, the system is stable and reliable. The system can be directly programmed according to the part outline size specified on the part drawing, such as linear inclination Angle, arc radius, chamfer value, etc., simple and intuitive. The FANUC system can plan the cycle path of roughing and finishing by itself and leave the machining allowance specified by the designer according to the design value, which simplifies the complex programming. For porous parts, only the center position of the hole is given, and then a simple cycle instruction such as G82-G89 can be used to realize the automatic cycle processing of porous parts. In the process of surface processing, macroprograms can be used (for example,# 1,#2, etc., as variables) to program directly according to surface equations (equations containing variables #1,#2, etc.), which is intuitive, efficient and practical. At the same time, FANUC system has convenient coordinate system transformation function, which can easily realize multi-coordinate system mixed programming. FANUC system has an intelligent human-machine interface, from the creation of machining program to the actual processing of all operations can be debugging and simulation on the same screen, easy to realize the lathe, machining center and milling machine processing cycle rich programming guidance, visualization and inspection functions.
In terms of intelligence, FANUC system can make use of rich network functions to build a system suitable for CNC machine tools, and can also connect CNC and computer to carry out 3D design of complex parts and NC code conversion (using CAM software), and then carry out NC program transmission and monitor CNC status. Realize the intelligent manufacturing of complex geometric parts. It can also connect the machine tools in the factory through Ethernet, centralized and unified management, control and monitoring of the operating state of the machine tool, and achieve a high degree of integration of CNC and computer. Figure 1 shows the application of the FANUC system FS0i-F(C) in intelligent production or intelligent factory establishment. At present, the FANUC system introduces real-time optimization control to realize the control of intelligent machine tools, and carries out real-time optimization control according to the changes of mechanical conditions such as load, temperature, and position. By using these functional groups, high-speed, high-precision and high-quality machining is achieved. Especially in the processing of complex shapes such as automotive parts and metal molds, the command shape is judged by the pre-read program instructions, the speed and acceleration are properly controlled, and the smooth processing path is obtained within the tolerance range, so that the mechanical impact is weakened, and the excellent performance and intelligent manufacturing of CNC machine tools are played.
For the manufacture of thin-walled shell parts in the automotive industry, such as engine shell, gearbox shell and other milling processes should be loaded with some special post-processing procedures, such as the reduction of machining accuracy due to cutting chatter caused by low stiffness shell during the cutting process (Figure 2), loading adaptive speed control and torque monitoring modules for each shaft of the machine tool. By automatically adjusting the spindle speed to achieve the shaft torque to maintain the stable cutting state, improve the machining quality and processing efficiency.
At present, the Japanese company OKUMA has installed this function in a self-developed numerical control system, reducing the requirement for operators to have a lot of processing experience. At the same time, the loading of the motor torque of each shaft and the torque monitoring CNC module also help to identify the instantaneous collision between the tool or the tool handle and the workpiece or fixture during the cutting process, so as to stop the machine movement and protect the spindle from damage. In addition, the FANUC system is expected to be equipped with online detection modules such as Renishaw probes, especially for the aperture detection and position detection of automotive porous parts, and some simple three-dimensional detection functions are integrated into the digital control system to achieve a high-precision and high-efficiency processing mode of machining, detection and repair.
Future development trend of numerical control system
In the face of the high quality and high efficiency integrated intelligent production and manufacturing needs of complex parts with multiple degrees of freedom, the future CNC system will develop in the direction of multi-degree of freedom composite processing, and realize the multi-process composite processing such as turning, milling and drilling of multi-machining surfaces with one loading card. In addition, the CNC system needs to have more advanced trajectory planning strategy and motor control strategy to achieve high-speed, high-precision machining. With the development trend of intelligent manufacturing, the CNC system needs to have a highly intelligent human-machine interface, and realize the processing process planning function and the diagnosis and adaptive control strategy of the processing process, the future CNC system will realize the full range of self-monitoring and management of the machine tool's own manufacturing. The CNC system can automatically plan the loading position, processing trajectory and processing tool according to the 3D model of the parts, and it is more likely to use Ethernet and Internet technology to realize the mutual communication and cooperation of the machine tools in the factory, and plan the process steps to shorten the time, and realize automatic loading and unloading and loading and handling by means of communication with the manipulator. Realize automatic intelligent rapid prototyping manufacturing of key complex parts.

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